Calculators/Mathematics/Polynomial Derivatives and Integrals

Polynomial Derivatives and Integrals

Derivative · indefinite and definite integral

Polynomial Derivatives and Integrals — illustration
Derivative f ′(x)
9x² − 4x + 5
Integral ∫ f(x) dx
0.75x⁴ − 0.666667x³ + 2.5x² − 7x + C
Definite integral (area) fromto=2.666667

Rules: (xⁿ)′ = n·xⁿ⁻¹, ∫xⁿ dx = xⁿ⁺¹/(n+1) + C. The definite integral ∫ₐᵇ f dx = F(b) − F(a) gives the area under the graph.

Differentiating and integrating polynomials relies on a single rule for each power:

(a xn)′=n a x n−1∫a xn dx=an+1 x n+1+C\left(a\,x^n\right)'=n\,a\,x^{\,n-1}\qquad \int a\,x^n\,dx=\frac{a}{n+1}\,x^{\,n+1}+C

Enter a polynomial (powers with ^, e.g. 3x^3 - 2x^2 + 5x - 7), and the calculator returns the derivative and the indefinite integral. Supplying the limits aa and bb gives the definite integral:

∫abf(x) dx=F(b)−F(a)\int_a^b f(x)\,dx=F(b)-F(a)

which is interpreted as the area under the graph of the function on the interval [a,b][a,b].

Examples

f(x) = x² − 4x + 3
→ f ′(x) = 2x − 4, ∫f dx = x³/3 − 2x² + 3x + C
∫ (x²−4x+3) dx from 0 to 2
→ = 8/3 − 8 + 6 = 2/3 ≈ 0.667

Frequently asked questions

How do I differentiate xⁿ?+

With the power rule: (xⁿ)′ = n·xⁿ⁻¹. Multiply by the exponent and lower it by 1. A constant has derivative 0, and the derivative of a sum is the sum of the derivatives.

What is a definite integral?+

A number equal to F(b) − F(a), where F is an antiderivative. Geometrically it is the area between the graph and the x-axis on the interval [a, b] (area below the axis counts as negative).

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