Calculators/Physics/Photon energy

Photon energy

E = hf = hc/λ · joules and electronvolts

Photon energy — illustration
Wavelength
500
nm
Frequency
5.9960e+14
Hz
Energy
3.9729e-19
J
Energy
2.48
eV

E = h·f = h·c/λ. h = 6.626·10⁻³⁴ J·s. A shorter wavelength = higher frequency = more energy (a violet photon carries more energy than a red one). 1 eV = 1.602·10⁻¹⁹ J.

Light carries energy in packets called photons. The energy of a single photon depends on its frequency (or wavelength):

E=h f=h cλE=h\,f=\frac{h\,c}{\lambda}

where h=6.626⋅10−34 J⋅sh=6.626\cdot10^{-34}\ \text{J·s} (Planck's constant) and c=3⋅108 msc=3\cdot10^8\ \tfrac{\text{m}}{\text{s}}. The shorter the wavelength (toward violet and beyond — UV, X-rays), the greater the energy of the photon.

Enter the wavelength (in nm), the frequency, or the energy (in eV) — the calculator converts the remaining quantities, including the energy in joules and electronvolts (1 eV=1.602⋅10−19 J1\ \text{eV}=1.602\cdot10^{-19}\ \text{J}). The presets correspond to the colours of visible light.

Examples

Green light λ = 530 nm
→ E ≈ 3.75·10⁻¹⁹ J ≈ 2.34 eV
A photon of energy 2 eV
→ λ ≈ 620 nm (orange light)

Frequently asked questions

Which photon has more energy — red or blue?+

Blue. It has a shorter wavelength and higher frequency, and energy grows with frequency (E = hf). That is why UV radiation is more dangerous than red light.

What is an electronvolt?+

A convenient unit of energy in atomic physics: 1 eV = 1.602·10⁻¹⁹ J. It is the energy an electron gains when accelerated through a potential of 1 V. Visible-light photons carry about 1.6–3.3 eV.

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